The EU is an umbrella reference to the European Community
(EC) and to two European integration efforts introduce by the Maastricht Treaty: Common Foreign and Security Policy
(including defense) and Justice and Home Affairs
(principally cooperation between police and other authorities on crime, terrorism, and immigration issues). The term "European Union" was introduced in November 1993
(when the Maastricht Treaty on European Union entered into force). The term "European Community"
(EC) continues to exist as a legal entity within the broader framework of the EU.
See: European Community Maastricht Treaty